Fabrication of Pb₃O₄ and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application as the catalysts in thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Nanoparticles (NPs) of lead tetroxide (Pb3O4) with the spherical morphology were manufactured by reaction nitrate sodium hydroxide, while nanoparticles red iron oxide (Fe2O3) similar fabricated hydrothermal route in presence ferric chloride hexahydrate as precursor. Evaluation chemical structure, purity and Fe2O3 Pb3O4 NPs was carried out analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) well scanning electron microscope (SEM). The outcomes XRD recognized establishment desired oxides, wherever SEM images clearly exhibited an average particle sizes near to 40 46 nm, respectively. catalytic effect metallic on perfection ammonium perchlorate (AP) thermal decomposing established testing their AP nano-composites differential calorimetric (DSC) together thermogravimetric (TG). Thermal behavior studies displayed that adding 5% Fe2O3/Pb3O4 (as mixture) delivers a concerned during decomposition. Additionally, decomposition could be amended 2% NPs. Further comparison effects obtained computing values activation energies (E) thermodynamic parameters (i.e., ΔS#, ΔH# ΔG#) for non-isothermal approaches.